The epidemic is a new and complex phenomenon and the most effective way to respond may not be known or be widely accepted. There could be conflicting and different approaches proposed. It is important that there be widespread discussion leading to acceptance of and support for appropriate initiatives. The affected communities together with other sources of expertise should assist in the development of such a consensus. The process of consensus building will create a broader base of support if all the key actors take part and thereby develop an investment in implementing the agreed upon policies.

External support for initiatives that are not consistent with the agreed approach can be harmful. Families and communities will play critical ongoing roles in meeting the needs of affected children. Well-intentioned agencies can create problems by funding interventions that bypass or supplant these roles. It is much more difficult to try to re-establish spontaneous family and community systems of care than to support them initially.