Action Against Child Labour: 2. Towards improved legislation: Checklist 2.3 Legislation on bonded labour

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Action Against Child Labour (ILO; 2000; 356 pages)
	Preface
	1. National policies and programmes
		INTRODUCTION
		1.1 STRATEGIC ACTION AGAINST CHILD LABOUR
			The problem
			Prevention, removal and rehabilitation
			Priority target groups
			Phased and multi-sectoral strategy
		1.2 DEVELOPING POLICIES AND PROGRAMMES ON CHILD LABOUR
			Why a policy on child labour?
			Policies, programmes and projects
			ILO standards and action through IPEC
			The first steps in policy and programme formulation
		1.3 SETTING PRIORITIES FOR ACTION
			Especially vulnerable groups
			Main policy and programme directions
			Direct action and capacity building
		1.4 CREATING A BROAD SOCIAL ALLIANCE
		Appendix 1.1 Terms of reference for a comprehensive report on child labour
		Appendix 1.2 Ideas for group work in national planning workshops on child labour
		Appendix 1.3 Example of a national plan of action on child labour, Cambodia, 1997
		Appendix 1.4 Pointers to project design
	2. Towards improved legislation
		INTRODUCTION
		2.1 LEGISLATION AND THE FIGHT AGAINST CHILD LABOUR
		2.2 SOURCES OF LAW ON CHILD LABOUR
		2.3 INTERNATIONAL LABOUR STANDARDS AND NATIONAL LEGISLATION
			Introduction
			National policy
			Coverage of the law (scope of application)
			General minimum age for admission to employment or work
			Minimum age for light work
			Minimum age for hazardous work
			Conditions of employment
			Forced labour
			Enforcement
		2.4 NEW INTERNATIONAL LABOUR STANDARDS ON THE WORST FORMS OF CHILD LABOUR
		2.5 OTHER INTERNATIONAL TREATIES
		2.6 INITIATIVES TO IMPROVE CHILD LABOUR LEGISLATION
		2.7 LESSONS LEARNED
		Checklist 2.1 General principles
		Checklist 2.2 Improving national legislation
		Checklist 2.3 Legislation on bonded labour
		Checklist 2.4 Involving employers' and workers' organizations, and others
		Appendix 2.1 ILO Conventions on child labour and forced labour (as at 31 July 1999)
		Appendix 2.2 Minimum ages in ILO Conventions
		Appendix 2.3 Ratification of ILO Conventions on child labour and forced labour (as at 31 August 1999)
		Appendix 2.4 Chart of ratifications of ILO Conventions on child labour and forced labour by country (as at 31 August 1999:
		Appendix 2.5 Excerpts from selected ILO standards on child labour
	3. Improving the knowledge base on child labour
		INTRODUCTION
		3.1 CHILD LABOUR STATISTICS: METHODOLOGICAL CONSIDERATIONS
			Data requirements
			Survey methodologies
		3.2 BASIC RESULTS
			Household survey
			Establishment survey
			Survey of street children
			The time-use approach
		3.3 RECOMMENDATIONS ON CONDUCTING SURVEYS
			Household-based surveys
			Surveys of employers (establishments or enterprises)
			Surveys of street children
		3.4 RECOMMENDATIONS FOR INTERVIEWING CHILDREN
			Creating the right setting
		3.5 FURTHER RESEARCH
		Appendix 3.1 List of detailed variables in child labour surveys
		Bibliography on child labour surveys, statistics and related matters
	4. Alternatives to child labour
		INTRODUCTION
		4.1 STRATEGIES IN EDUCATION
			Educating children about their rights and about child labour issues
			Investment in early childhood development programmes
			Increasing access to education
			Improving the quality of formal and non-formal education
			Non-formal education as an entry, a re-entry or alternative for (former) working children
			Approaches to vocational education
		4.2 PREVENTION AND REHABILITATION PROGRAMMES FOR CHILDREN FROM ESPECIALLY VULNERABLE GROUPS
			Child victims of bondage, commercial sexual exploitation and trafficking
			Girls
			Children living and working on the streets
			Children of indigenous groups and other minorities
		4.3 EDUCATION PROGRAMMES AND INCOME OPPORTUNITIES FOR PARENTS
		4.4 WORKPLACE AND COMMUNITY MONITORING
		4.5 LESSONS FROM EXPERIENCE: PLANNING ACTION PROGRAMMES
			Identifying priority target groups
			Concerted action
			Setting programme objectives
		Checklist 4.1 Identifying target groups and selecting children
		Checklist 4.2 Planning vocational skills training programmes
		Checklist 4.3 Measuring the impact of action programmes
	5. Strategies to address child slavery
		5.1 THE PROBLEM OF CHILD SLAVERY
			The nature of the problem
			The extent of the problem
		5.2 INTERNATIONAL ACTION AGAINST CHILD SLAVERY
			International Labour Organization
			United Nations
		5.3 NATIONAL LEGISLATION AND ENFORCEMENT
			Legislation prohibiting forced and bonded labour
			Problems in enforcement
		5.4 ACTION AT THE NATIONAL LEVEL
			Preventing child slavery
			Action against slave owners
			Targeting children in bondage
			Integrated action to address child slavery
		5.5 DEVELOPING COMPREHENSIVE PROGRAMMES OF ACTION
			Strategy for action against child bondage
			Strategy for action against child trafficking and the commercial sexual exploitation of children
		Bibliography on child slavery
	6. Strategies for employers and their organizations
		INTRODUCTION
		6.1 STRATEGIES FOR EMPLOYER ACTION
			Planning for action at the national level
			Building alliances
			Key issues in project design
			Ten steps to enhance employer action on child labour
		6.2 EMPLOYER "BEST PRACTICES" ON CHILD LABOUR
			Awareness-raising and policy development initiatives
			Employer action to combat child labour in specific sectors
			Direct support for the removal and rehabilitation of child workers
		6.3 CORPORATE INITIATIVES ON CHILD LABOUR
			Labelling or certification schemes
			Corporate codes of conduct
			Industry codes of conduct
			IOE views on voluntary codes of conduct and labelling
		6.4 KEY LESSONS FOR FUTURE ACTION
		Appendix 6.1 IOE General Council Resolution on Child Labour
	7. Trade unions against child labour
		INTRODUCTION
		7.1 WHY CHILD LABOUR IS A TRADE UNION ISSUE
			The history and role of trade union involvement
		7.2 HOW TRADE UNIONS ARE FIGHTING CHILD LABOUR
			Trade unions strengthen their capacity to address child labour issues
			Trade unions support children, their families and communities
			Trade unions raise awareness on child labour issues
			Trade unions gather and disseminate data on child labour
			Trade unions include child labour concerns in collective bargaining agreements
			Trade unions advocate for codes of conduct
			Trade unions work in partnership with NGOs, employers' organizations and governments
			The international trade union movement plays a major role
		7.3 WHAT A TRADE UNION CAN DO
			Ten-point action guide
		Bibliography on trade union action
	8. Awareness-raising
		INTRODUCTION
			Aspects of communication
			Process of communication
		8.1 THE MESSAGE
			"Action against child labour can be taken now"
			"Prioritize the most harmful, often invisible, forms of child labour"
			"Positive action and international cooperation are needed"
			"Tradition cannot justify the exploitation of children"
			"Prevention is better than cure"
		8.2 THE AUDIENCE
		8.3 MEANS OF COMMUNICATION
		8.4 THE NEED FOR A COMMUNICATION STRATEGY
		Appendix 8.1 Informing the public
		Appendix 8.2 Popular theatre as an effective communications tool
	9. Action by community groups and NGOs
		9.1 CIVIL SOCIETY ORGANIZATIONS AND CHILD LABOUR
		9.2 PRACTICAL EXPERIENCE OF NGOs IN COMBATING CHILD LABOUR
			Types of NGO action
			Examples of NGOs in action
		9.3 LESSONS LEARNED
	10. Resources on child labour
		INTRODUCTION
		10.1 GENERAL PUBLICATIONS ON CHILD LABOUR
			ILO reports for the International Labour Conference (ILC) and Governing Body (GB)
			Reports of the International Programme on the Elimination of Child Labour (IPEC)
			Policy studies
			Information kits, training manuals and guidelines
			Audiovisual materials
		10.2 SPECIAL THEMES
	Other ILO publications
	Back Cover

Checklist 2.3 Legislation on bonded labour

The following checklist is based on a programme of action against child bondage developed during an ILO Asian Regional Seminar on children in bondage.¹⁸

¹⁸ ILO: A programme of action against child bondage, in collaboration with the United Nations Centre for Human Rights (Geneva, 1992).

Specify forms of child bondage.

Prohibit all forms of bondage.

Provide appropriate sanctions.

Provide compensation to victims.

Provide for liquidation of debts and other obligations.

Provide for enforcement and monitoring machinery, including inspection authority and special committees or task forces.

Include provisions for the establishment of special courts and for speedy disposal of cases.

Give protection to victims from reprisals.

Complement the law by giving publicity to the law and violations.

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