Assessment of the Pharmaceutical Situation in Kenya - A Baseline Survey: 4. RESULTS AND ANALYSIS: 4.1 LEVEL I CORE INDICATORS: 4.1.6 Medicines financing

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Assessment of the Pharmaceutical Situation in Kenya - A Baseline Survey (HAI, WHO; 2003; 78 pages)
	LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS
	ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
	1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
	2. INTRODUCTION
		2.1 COUNTRY PROFILE
		2.2 STRUCTURE OF HEALTH AND PHARMACEUTICAL SYSTEMS
		2.3 NATIONAL MEDICINES POLICY
		2.4 MEDICINE PRODUCTION
	3. SURVEY DESIGN AND METHODOLOGY
		3.1 SURVEY PURPOSE
		3.2 METHODOLOGY
	4. RESULTS AND ANALYSIS
		4.1 LEVEL I CORE INDICATORS
			4.1.1 National Medicine Policy
			4.1.2 Legislation/regulation
			4.1.3 Quality control of pharmaceuticals
			4.1.4 Essential medicines list
			4.1.5 Medicines supply system
			4.1.6 Medicines financing
			4.1.7 Access to essential medicines
			4.1.8 Production
			4.1.9 Rational use
		4.2 LEVEL II CORE INDICATORS
			4.2.1 ACCESS
				4.2.1.1 Availability of key medicines in public health facilities, regional warehouses and private pharmacies
				4.2.1.2 Adequacy* of stock records in public health facilities and regional warehouses
				4.2.1.3 Affordability of treatment at public health facilities and private pharmacies
				4.2.1.4 Percentage of prescribed medicines actually dispensed or administered to patients in Public health facilities
				4.2.1.5 Access to medicines by households
			4.2.2 QUALITY AND SAFETY
				4.2.2.1 Presence of expired medicines in public health facility pharmacies, regional warehouses and Private pharmacy outlets
				4.2.2.2 Adequacy* of Conservation conditions and handling of medicines in public health facility and regional warehouses
			4.2.3 RATIONAL USE
				4.2.3.1 Adequacy* of labeling of medicines dispensed by public health facility pharmacies
				4.2.3.2 Percentage of patients at public health facilities who know how to take medicines
				4.2.3.3 Average number of medicines prescribed in public health facilities
				4.2.3.4 Percentage of patients at public health facilities receiving antibiotics
				4.2.3.5 Percentage of patients prescribed an injection in public health facilities
				4.2.3.6 Percentage of medicines prescribed at public health facilities on EDL
				4.2.3.7 Percentage availability of STG and EDL at public health facilities
				4.2.3.8 Medicine prescribing by INN/generic name
				4.2.3.9 Percentage of tracer cases at public health facilities treated with medicines recommended or discouraged in STGs.
				4.2.3.10 Use of medicines by households
	5. CONCLUSION
	6. POSITIVE ASPECTS AND AREAS FOR IMPROVEMENT IDENTIFIED
	7. SUMMARY OF RECOMMENDATIONS
	APPENDICES
		APPENDIX 1 - PROPOSAL
		APPENDIX 2 - TRAINING TIMETABLE
		APPENDIX 3 - ALLOCATION OF HEALTH FACILITIES TO DATA COLLECTORS
		APPENDIX 4 - SURVEY FORMS 1-16
		APPENDIX 5 - LIST OF 15 BASKET OF MEDICINES
		APPENDIX 6 - COMPLETED LEVEL ONE QUESTIONNAIRE

4.1.6 Medicines financing

• Ministry of Health’s recurrent budget during the financial year 2002/2003 was estimated at US$ 194,669,215 [Government Printed Estimates 2002/2003] of which US$16,000,000 was earmarked for medicines.

• However, this allocation is hardly sufficient. Facility Improvement Funds (‘cost sharing’) revenue is used to supplement treasury allocations in medicine procurement. In some hospitals, additional funds to purchase medicines and medical supplies have been established with the help of donor agencies.

• There is no pricing policy on medicines that covers both the public and private sector.

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