Table 4.1 Summary of the national indicator values
Median and average values are presented below. However as averages can be skewed by outlying values, elsewhere in the presentation of results, medians are presented and discussed.
Public Sector Facilities
| |
Median |
Average |
Availability of key medicines (%) |
93.30 |
89.09 |
Expired medicines on shelves (%) |
0.00 |
1.27 |
Adequate records (%) |
93.30 |
76.21 |
Average stockout duration (days) |
25.30 |
38.59 |
Conservation conditions, Storeroom (%) |
68.75 |
65.92 |
Conservation conditions, Dispensing area (%) |
75.00 |
67.50 |
Equivalent no. of day’s wages needed to pay for treatment |
Pneumonia in adults |
0.80 |
1.06 |
(cost of treatment divided by lowest government salary) |
Pneumonia in children |
0.47 |
0.47 |
| |
Malaria in adults |
0.59 |
0.55 |
| |
Malaria in children |
0.25 |
0.28 |
Ratio of cost of treatment |
Pneumonia in adults |
1.27 |
1.47 |
(treatment cost divided by minimum daily wage) |
Pneumonia in children |
0.67 |
0.64 |
| |
Malaria in adults |
0.70 |
0.77 |
| |
Malaria in children |
0.33 |
0.37 |
Average number of medicines per prescription |
2.80 |
2.67 |
Prescribed medicines dispensed or administered (%) |
80.15 |
73.70 |
Medicines adequately labelled (%) |
13.45 |
17.03 |
Patients who know how to take medicines (%) |
71.95 |
66.29 |
Average cost of visit (not including lab fees) (KShs) |
49.70 |
85.55 |
Patients receiving antibiotics (%) |
78.35 |
73.36 |
Patients receiving injections (%) |
28.35 |
34.14 |
Prescribed medicines on EDL (%) |
81.33 |
79.28 |
Medicines prescribed by INN (%) |
48.00 |
48.57 |
STG guidelines in the facility (%) |
13.0 |
|
|
EDL present in the facility (%) |
17.0 |
|
|
| |
Prescribed ORS (%) |
25.00 |
37.81 |
Diarrhoea in children under age 5 |
Prescribed antibiotics (%) |
50.00 |
44.43 |
| |
Prescribed antidiarrhoeal and/or antispasmodic (%) |
0.00 |
2.76 |
Mild/moderate (outpatient) pneumonia in children under age 5 |
Receiving any one first line antibiotic (%) |
50.00 |
42.07 |
| |
Receiving more than one antibiotic (%) |
0.00 |
23.79 |
URTI |
Prescribed antibiotics (%) |
100.00 |
72.07 |
| |
Receiving SP (%) |
66.70 |
54.96 |
Malaria |
Receiving other one antimalarial (%) |
30.00 |
29.46 |
| |
Receiving more than one antimalarial (%) |
0.00 |
13.10 |
Regional Warehouses
| |
Median |
Average |
Availability of key medicines (%) |
86.70 |
82.64 |
Expired medicines on shelves (%) |
0.00 |
6.86 |
Adequate records (%) |
93.30 |
86.66 |
Average stockout duration (days) |
25.90 |
43.70 |
Conservation conditions, Storeroom score (%) |
62.50 |
60.00 |
Private Pharmacy Outlets
| |
|
Median |
Average |
Availability of key medicines (%) |
|
93.30 |
91.00 |
Expired medicines on shelves (%) |
|
0.00 |
1.19 |
Equivalent no. of day’s wages needed to pay for treatment (cost of treatment divided by lowest government salary) |
Pneumonia in adults |
1.60 |
1.74 |
| |
Pneumonia in children |
0.87 |
0.93 |
| |
Malaria in adults |
0.43 |
0.48 |
| |
Malaria in children |
0.49 |
0.53 |
Ratio of cost of treatment(treatment cost divided by minimum daily wage) |
Pneumonia in adults |
2.37 |
2.55 |
| |
Pneumonia in children |
1.25 |
1.36 |
| |
Malaria in adults |
0.64 |
0.70 |
| |
Malaria in children |
0.70 |
0.80 |
Access and use of Medicines at Household Level
| |
Median |
Average |
Households surveyed (%) |
Within 5km |
33 |
38 |
| |
5-10 km |
30 |
33 |
| |
More than 10 km |
30 |
27 |
Male (%) |
44 |
46 |
Female (%) |
57 |
54 |
Under 5 years (%) |
29 |
31 |
5-15 years (%) |
15 |
15 |
16-54 years (%) |
47 |
46 |
55 and older (%) |
05 |
06 |
Symptoms (%) |
Cough/blocked or runny nose/sore throat/ear ache |
38 |
39 |
| |
Fever/headache |
59 |
56 |
| |
Diarrhoea/vomiting |
13 |
16 |
| |
Difficulty breathing |
3 |
5 |
| |
Thirst/sweating |
3 |
6 |
| |
Lethargic/cannot sleep/cannot eat |
10 |
15 |
| |
Don’t know |
0 |
1 |
| |
Others |
19 |
22 |
Treatment sought (%) |
Did nothing |
0 |
2 |
| |
Consulted traditional healer |
0 |
2 |
| |
Consulted public health facility |
45 |
52 |
| |
Consulted private health facility |
16 |
17 |
| |
Consulted mission/NGO health facility |
0 |
2 |
| |
Consulted private pharmacist/kiosk |
12 |
14 |
| |
Sought advice from friend/family |
2 |
4 |
| |
Used medicine left from another illness |
0 |
2 |
| |
Bought medicine without consultation |
10 |
10 |
| |
Other |
0 |
1 |
Amount spent out-of-pocket during the illness (KShs) |
Traditional healer |
0 |
3.41 |
| |
Public health facility |
46.33 |
55.26 |
| |
Private health facility |
12.08 |
35.89 |
| |
Mission/NGO health facility |
0.00 |
3.64 |
| |
Private pharmacy/kiosk |
84.68 |
120.23 |
| |
Friends/family |
0.00 |
15.02 |
| |
Other |
0.00 |
0.75 |
Proportion of household expenses spent on medicines during this illness (%) |
17.41 |
27.71 |
Proportion of household expenses spent on medicines during an average week (%) |
16.7 |
14.1 |
Household expenses during a week (KShs) |
1137.75 |
1270.72 |
Proportion of households taking medicines recommended (%) |
All |
78 |
69 |
| |
Some |
10 |
16 |
| |
None |
0 |
1 |
Reasons for not taking medicines recommended (%) |
Price was too high |
0 |
2 |
| |
Did not have enough money |
6 |
9 |
| |
Too many medicines were prescribed |
0 |
0 |
| |
Did not think all medicines were needed |
0 |
0 |
| |
Started to feel better |
0 |
1 |
| |
No time to get all the medicines |
0 |
0 |
| |
Traditional healer did not have all the medicines |
0 |
0 |
| |
Public health facility did not have all the medicines |
0 |
5 |
| |
Private health facility did not have all the medicines |
0 |
1 |
| |
Mission/NGO health facility did not have all the medicines |
0 |
0 |
| |
Private pharmacy/kiosk did not have all the medicines |
0 |
1 |
| |
Other |
0 |
0 |
Household head’s level of education (%) |
None |
5 |
7 |
| |
Primary |
37 |
36 |
| |
Secondary |
39 |
37 |
| |
Vocational |
6 |
8 |
| |
College |
10 |
10 |
| |
University |
0 |
5 |
| |
Post graduate |
0 |
1 |
| |
Other |
0 |
1 |
Source of income (%) |
Head of family |
88 |
85 |
| |
Other |
7 |
13 |
