Transient itchy swelling of the skin lasting less than 24 hours; when the duration of each episode is longer it is termed vasculitic urticaria. When the reaction has occurred over a period longer than 6 weeks it is termed chronic urticaria. It may be caused by allergic e.g. (foods, drugs) or non-allergic factors.
TREATMENT
Therapeutic objectives
• To provide immediate relief
• To prevent complications such as shock or asphyxiation
Non-Pharmacological Treatment
• Identification and avoidance of allergens if possible.
Pharmacological Treatment
(Evidence rating: C)
• Topical Calamine lotion for relief.
• Oral antihistamines Chlorphenamine (Chlorpheniramine), oral, 4 mg 3 times daily for 5 days or
Promethazine, oral or IM
Adults: |
25-50 mg twice daily for 5 days |
Children: |
12.5 - 25 mg twice daily for 5 days |
or
Cetirizine (a relatively non sedating antihistamine), oral, may be used. Not recommended for children under 1year.
Adults and children above 6 years: |
10 mg daily. |
Children: 2-6 years; |
5mg daily |
