An Assessment of the Pharmaceutical Sector in Ghana: STUDY DESIGN AND METHODOLOGY: Methodology: e) The survey

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An Assessment of the Pharmaceutical Sector in Ghana (WHO/EDM; 2003; 65 pages)
	FOREWORD
	ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
	ABBREVIATIONS
	EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
	INTRODUCTION
		A) Demographic and health characteristics
		B) Health and health policy
		C) Health system structure
			Health care financing
		D) The Pharmaceutical Sector
			i) Drugs supply system
			ii) Key pharmaceutical indicators
			iii) Pharmaceutical sector surveys
	STUDY DESIGN AND METHODOLOGY
		Objectives of the survey
		Methodology
			a) Level I indicators
			b) List of Level II indicators
			c) List of household survey indicators
			d) Training and Sampling
			e) The survey
	FINDINGS
		Note on the use of medians and averages
		Comparisons with previous surveys indicators
		Index of findings section
			Exchange rate
		Level I: Structures and processes of country pharmaceutical situation
		Level II: Core indicator results
			a) Summary of the Level II core indicator results
			b) Accessibility to drugs
			c) Quality of drugs
			d) Rational drug use
		Household survey results
			a) Characteristics of survey population
			b) Symptoms and source of first consultation
			c) Prescribing and obtaining the prescribed drugs
			d) Taking prescribed drugs
			e) Estimated family weekly income/ total weekly household expenses
	INTERPRETATION OF RESULTS
		Access to Medicines
		Quality
		Rational Use of Medicines
		Household Survey
	CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
		a) Conclusions: Positive aspects and areas for improvement identified
		b) Summary of recommendations (directly from findings section)
		c) Other (overall) recommendations
	ANNEXES
		Annex 1: Questionnaire on structures and processes of country pharmaceutical situation (Level 1)
		Annex 2: Results of previous surveys in Ghana
		Annex 3: Designation of key drugs, guidelines and geographic /facility sampling
		Annex 4: Survey forms (Level II, Household)

e) The survey

The survey was carried out during November 2002. Patients were interviewed and information from patient records in health facilities was collected retrospectively as described in the operational package. Further information was gathered from facility records, observation and interviews of health facility staff, private pharmacies/drug outlet staff and household members.

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