May result to loosening, displacement and or loss of teeth, fracture of teeth and or bone, lacerations and bleeding. The commonest causes are falls (in sports and play) at home or school and motor accidents. Most affected are teeth upper incisors.
Prevention
proper design of playing ground
observe road traffic rules
early orthodontic treatment
Treatment guidelines
Take X-ray picture of affected tooth/teeth.
Strict oral hygiene in cases of loosening and mobility. Use hydrogen peroxide, normal saline, tooth brush.
Immobilization of affected tooth/teeth with arch bar, ss wires, acrylic splints, sutures.
Removal of fracture elements in excessive mobility degree. (surgical toilet).
Anti tetanus cover (ATS or TT).
Antibiotic cover in cases of suspected contamination or extensive damage (Procaine Penicillin Fortified, Phenoxymethylpenicillin).
Restoration of aesthetics (Composite filling, prosthesis).
Extraction is treatment of choice for traumatized primary teeth with mobility and or displacement.
Referral for maxillofacial management in case of extensive damage to maxillofacial structures.
